There weren’t. Wizardry was legit the first.
Akalabeth originally released for the Apple II, a PC that was mostly limited to the USA. It didn’t see a wider release than that until 1998 via the Ultima collection.
The earliest another JRPG was made was in 1982 (The Dragon & Princess), a year after Wizardry 1.
Also a few of the mechanics that ended up becoming a normality include permadeath, alignments, a party of four, leveling up, elemental weaknesses, spells becoming bigger, etc.
Extra info I should’ve put here, my bad.
Wizardry 1 was also being ported to a lot of different computers in Japan, the earliest one being for the FM-7 or Fujitsu Micro-7 in 1983. This was how it got such a following there. By original release dates, it’s the first but in terms of these ports not so much. Akalabeth didn’t get this type of treatment as I mentioned before.