Surprisingly: Most that I know of. They at least have Japanese text translation. Japan is a pretty big video gaming market by itself, and Japan is not quite like European area where most video gamers are assumed to understand English. Most games lack Norwegian/Swedish/Finnish/etc. localization. Sony and Valve are only ones that push for pretty much every localization they can think of.
There is even funny thing about Crysis in Japan, where it's demo version had the male suit voice by Norio Wakamoto. Because Japanese voice acting is what it is, a lot of games will have a Japanese dub there.
Aside the Norio Wakamoto Crysis suit thing, the weirdest localization that did happen that I know of is likely this:
Now, when it comes to retro games, this is tricky. For simplicity Japan already used simple English in lot of their games, even inside Japan, likely for character drawing reasons. It was much easier to give one block graphical tiles to western alphabet than Japanese. Especially Kanji. So, most western retro games that were the same way because story, text content was very small in most games, would been likely released as-is in Japan, most of the time. Stuff like Monkey Island and Shadowrun have Japanese localizations for sure. Shadowrun's Sega CD japan only version being pretty wild as it also redesigns the characters in anime style.
